Semut Di Awan

Sekarang

2009-11-24T18:57:00.001-08:00

Senarai Tugas

1. Menjalankan penilaian teknikal tender untuk perolehan peralatan dan sistem kejuruteraan mekanikal yang baru di institusi kesihatan.

2. Menjalankan kajian teknikal terhadap peralatan dan sistem kejuruteraan di institusi kesihatan untuk tujuan pelupusan dan cadangan perolehan baru.

3. Mengurus dan koordinasi peruntukan tahunan untuk kerja-kerja kecil dan penyelenggaraan yang melibatkan kejuruteraan mekanikal untuk institusi kesihatan.

4. Mengawasi dan melaksanakan projek-projek mekanikal dan kerja-kerja naik taraf di institusi kesihatan.

5. Menyediakan menyemak dan mengedarkan garispanduan kejuruteraan mekanikal yang berkaitan kepada institusi kesihatan untuk pelaksanaan selaras dengan kemajuan teknologi dan polisi Kementerian.

6. Berinteraksi dengan agensi pusat seperti Perbendaharaan, Jabatan Kerja Raya, Jabatan Alam Sekitar dan lain-lain dalam melaksanakan kerja-kerja berkaitan mekanikal di institusi kesihatan.

7. Lain-lain tugas yang diarahkan oleh Pengarah Perkhidmatan Kejuruteraan

Dolu2

2009-11-24T18:53:00.000-08:00

· Menjalankan kajian dan pemeriksaan substantif (Seksyen 30) secara terperinci kepada permohonan-permohonan paten/perbaharuan utiliti (details specifications) dan pindaan-pindaan terhadapnya untuk menentukan sama ada permohonanpermohonan tersebut mengikut kehendak-kehendak Akta Paten 1983 dan Peraturan-peraturan paten 1986 berserta dengan pindaan-pindaannya, seterusnya mengeluarkan laporan mengenainya kepada Pendaftar Paten. Elemen-elemen yang perlu dikaji, diselidiki dan difahami dalam spesifikasi permohonan paten antaralain merangkumi:

· Rekacipta yang tidak boleh dipatenkan (Seksyen 13)

· Baru (Seksyen 14)

· Langkah merekacipta (Seksyen 15)

· Boleh digunakan di industri (Seksyen 16)

· Hak terhadap sesuatu paten (Seksyen 18; Peraturan 10)

· Penyerahakan kehakiman akan permohonan paten atau paten (Seksyen 19)

· Rekacipta yang di buat oleh seorang pekerja atau menurut suatu tauliah (Seksyen 20)

· Penyatuan rekacipta (Seksyen 26)

· Pindaan kepada permohonan (Seksyen 26A, Seksyen 30(3), Seksyen 79)

· Memecahkan permohonan asal (Seksyen 26B)

· Hak prioriti (Seksyen 27)

· Kejelasan Tajuk rekacipta mengenai sesuatu rekaciptaan (Peraturan 7 (2))

· Hak pemohon terhadap sesuatu paten (Peraturan 10)

· Perihalan (Peraturan 12)

· Tuntutan (Peraturan 13, 14)

· Abstrak (Peraturan 16)

· Sukatan, Ukuran, Terminologi dan Simbol (Peraturan 17)

· Peristiharan menuntut hak prioriti (Peraturan 21)

· Tandatangan oleh rakan kongsi, syarikat dan persatuan (Peraturan 50)

· Perlantikan atau Pertukaran agen Paten, Borang 17(Peraturan 2(2) Jadual I)

why use patent information?

2008-07-10T19:08:00.000-07:00

Why use patent information?

Patent information is an important resource for researchers and inventors, entrepreneurs and commercial enterprises, and patent professionals. Patent information can assist users to:

· Avoid duplicating research and development effort;

· Determine the patentability of their inventions;

· Avoid infringement of other inventors’ patents;

· Estimate the value of their or other inventor’s patents;

· Exploit technology from patent applications that have never been granted, are not valid in certain countries, or from patents that are no longer in force;

· Gain intelligence on the innovative activities and future direction of business competitors;

· Improve planning for business decisions such as licensing, technology partnerships, and mergers and acquisitions;

· Identify key trends in specific technical fields of public interest such as those relating to health and environment and provide a foundation for policy planning;

Guide to Using Patent Information

2008-07-09T19:11:00.000-07:00

Guide to Using Patent Information

Introduction

Access to technology information has expanded rapidly in recent years, a result of the increasing availability of technical documents in digital format and the progressive development of electronic means of distribution and retrieval. As the quantities of technology information available to the public have grown, so too have the challenges of finding relevant information from which useful knowledge can be extracted.

This Guide aims to assist users in searching for technology information presented in a generally standardized format and often not reproduce anywhere else. Though the Guide focuses on patent information, many of the search techniques described here can also be applied in searching other non patent sources of technology information.

How does the patent system work?

A patent has two important functions:

· Protection. A patent allows the patent holder to exclude others from commercially exploiting the invention covered by the patent in the certain country or region and for a specific period of time, generally 20 years.

· Disclosure. A patent gives the public access to information regarding new technologies in order to stimulate innovation and contribute to economic growth.

Protection

A patent application may be filed via one of the following routes:

· National: An application for a patent is generally filed at a national patent office and a patent shall be granted and enforce only in that country in which patent protection is requested for an invention, in accordance with the law of the country. The same application can be filed in accordance with the respective national patent laws in different countries on an individual country-by-country basis.

· Regional: In some regions, regional patent applications may be filed at a regional patent office, for example the African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO) or the European Patent Office (EPO). Regional patent applications have the same effect as applications filed in the number states of the regional patent agreement and are centrally granted as a “bundle” of patent s by the regional patent office. Validation nationally usually follows submission of translation of the granted patent into the national language.

· International: International applications may be filed with the patent offices of Contracting State of the Patent cooperation Treaty (PCT) or the International Bureau of WIPO by any resident or national of a PCT Contracting State. A single international patent application has the same effect as national applications filed in each designate Contracting State of PCT. Although the major part of the application procedure is carried out within the national phase.

Although procedures vary amongst patent offices, the following reflects a very generalized procedure for granting a patent:

· Filing: An applicant chooses the filing route, i.e. national, regional or international and files an application; a first filing will be considered the “priority filing” from which further successive national , regional or international filings can be made within the “priority period” of one year under the Paris Convention for the protection of Industrial property;

· Formal examination: the patent office ensures that all administrative formalities have been complied with, e.g. all relevant documentation is included in the application, and that all filing fees have been paid;

· Prior art search: in many countries, but not all, the patent office caries out search of the prior, art i.e. all relevant technological information publicly known at the time of the filing of the application; using databases and expert examiners in the specific technical field of the application, a “search report” as drafted, which compares the application’s technical merits with that of the known prior art;

· Publication: In most countries, the patent application is published 18 months after the priority date ,i.e., the first filing date;

· Substantive examination: If a prior art search report is available, the examiner checks that the application satisfies the requirements of patentability, i.e. the invention is novel, involve an inventive step and susceptible to industrial application, compared to the prior art as listed in the search report; the examiner may grant the patent application without amendments, may change the scope of the claims to reflect the known prior art or he may refuse the application;

· Opposition: Within a specified period, many patent offices allow third parties to oppose the granted patent on the grounds that it does not in fact satisfy patentability requirement;

· Appeal: Many offices provide the possibility of appeal after the substantive examination or after the opposition procedure.

Disclosure

The second important function of the patent system is disclosure, i.e. a patent gives the public access to information regarding new technologies in order to stimulate innovation and contribute to economic growth.

Though the protection offered by a patent territorial, covering only the jurisdiction in which the patent has been granted, the information contained in a patent document is global , available as a disclosure to any individual or organization worldwide, allowing anyone to learn from and build on this knowledge.

Economizer

2008-06-24T18:52:00.000-07:00

Have you ever heard of the word economizer? What is economizer? Economizer is a heat exchanger that raises the temperatue of the water leaving the highest pressure feedwater heater to the saturation temperature corresponding to the boiler pressure. The process is done by gases leaving the last super heater or the reheater.At the threshold temperature that is where the transfer heat to the superheater-reheater happen, the gases will enter the economizer at 700 to 1000 degrees Fahrenheit. A portion of the energy is used to heat the feedwater.

Hope you learn something from this, see you again in the next post.